PENGARUH PEMUPUKAN FOSFOR DAN KALSIUM TERHADAP SERAPAN HARA DAN PRODUKTIVITAS DUA GENOTIPE KEDELAI PADA BUDIDAYA KERING

Toyip H

Sari

The objectives of this research were to study the effect rates of P and Ca fertilizers on productivity and nutrient uptake of two soybean genotypes in dry culture. The experimental design was split split plot with three factors i.e. phosphorus, calcium and genotype planted in dry culture. Dry culture with phosphorus fertilizer application (72 kg P¬2O5/ha) increases the number of filled pods and grain weight per plot. Number of pods of Tanggamus variety was greater than Anjasmoro variety. Liming had no effect on productivity. Path analysis showed that largest direct effect to grain weight were plant height and leaf weight. Increased rate of P and Ca fertilizer increased the uptake of P and Ca, but variety Tanggamus is more responsive than variety Anjasmoro. Interaction of phosphorus fertilizer 72 kg P¬2O5/ha with lime 1 ton/ha increased grain weight per plot. Largest direct effect on increasing grain weight is plant height and the number of branches. Phosphorus application (72 kg P¬2O5/ha) and liming (1 ton/ha) also give highest uptake of P and Ca

Teks Lengkap:

XML

Referensi

[BPS] Badan Pusat Statistik 2008. Indonesia dalam Angka. Produksi tanaman pangan 1978-2008. http://bps.go.id [21 Januari 2011].

[BPS] Badan Pusat Statistik 2008. Indonesia dalam Angka. Produksi tanaman pangan 2009-2010. http://bps.go.id [09 Maret 2012].

Chozin MA. 2006. Peran Fisiologi Tanaman dalam Pengembangan Teknologi Budidaya Pertanian. Orasi Ilmiah Guru Besar Tetap Ilmu Agronomi. Fakultas Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor.

CSIRO 1983. Soybean response to contolled waterlogging. P:4-8. In R. Lehane (ed.) Rural Research. The Science Communication Unit of CSIRO’S Bureau of Scientiic Services.

Fagi AM dan Freddy Tangkuman 1985. Pengelolaan Air untuk Tanaman Kedelai. Hlm. 135-158. Dalam: Kedelai (II). Edt: Sadikin Somaatmadja, M.Ismunadji, Sumarno, M.Syam, SO.Manurung dan Yuswadi. Puslitbangtan, Bogor.

Ghulamahdi M, Rumawas F, Wiroatmodjo J, Koswara J. 1991. Pengaruh Pemupukan Fospor Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merr) pada Budidaya Jenuh Air. Forum Pascasarjana. 14:25-34.

Ghulamahdi M et al. 2006. Aktivitas Nitrogenase, serapan hara dan pertumbuhan dua varietas kedelai pada kondisi jenuh air dan kering. Bul. Aron. (34)(1)32-38.

Ghulamahdi M. 2009. Kedelai Ditanam Dengan Sistem Budidaya Jenuh Air. http://bangkittani.com/litbang/kedelai-ditanam-dengan-sistem-budidaya-jenuh-air/ diakses 25 Mei 2011.

Gomez A, Gomez K. 1995. Prosedur Statistik Untuk Penelitian Pertanian. Universitas Indonesia. Jakarta.

Handayanto E, Cadisch G and Giller KE. (1997) Regulating N mineralization from plant residues by manipulation of quality. In Driven by Nature Plant Litter Quality and Decomposition, (Eds Cadisch, G. and Giller, K.E.), pp. 175-186. Department of Biological Sciences, Wey College.,University of London, UK.

Hanum C, Mugnisjah WQ, Yahya S, Sopandy D, Idris K, dan Sahar A. 2007. Pertumbuhan akar kedelai pada cekaman aluminium, kekeringan dan cekaman ganda aluminium dan kekeringan. Agritrop, 26 (1) : 13 – 18.

Hardjowigeno S. 2003. Klasifikasi Tanah dan Pedogenesis. Akademi Pressindo, Jakarta.

Hong-Bo S, Song Wei-Yi and Chu Li-Ye, 2008. Advances of calcium signals involved in plant anti-drought. C. R. Biologies 331 (2008) 587–596.

Leikawakabessy FM. 1988. Kesuburan Tanah. Departemen Ilmu Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor.

Marschner H. 1995. Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants. Institute of Plant Nutrition University of Hohenhaim. Federal Republic of Germany.

Mikanova O and Novakova 2002. Evaluation of the Psolubilitizing Activity of Soil Microorganism and Its Sensitivity to Soluble Phosphate. Rostlinna Vyroba 48:397-400.

Mulyani A. 2006. Potensi Lahan Kering Masam untuk Pengembangan Pertanian. Warta Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian, Vol. 28, No. 2.

Purwantoro, Kuswantoro H & Arsyad DM. 2009. Identifikasi Galur-Galur Harapan Kedelai Adaptif Lahan Kering Masam. Balitkabi, Malang.

Rohlini dan Soeprapto Soekodarmodjo 1989. Pengaruh pemberian bahan organik, kapur dan errisulat terhadap beberapa siat fisik tanah kaitannya dengan pertumbuhan tanaman pada lahan kritis. Berkala Penelitian UGM No.2(1B), Yogyakarta. 185-195.

Ruaysoongnern S and Keerati-kasikorn P. 1996. Role of Phosphorus Fertilization in Improving Soil Fertility of Acid Tropical and Subtropical Soils in Asia In NuIrient Management for Sustainable Food Production in Asia. International Conference in Asia, at December 9-12, 1996, Bali, Indonesia. Agency for Agricultural Rese.dI and Development (AARD). Ministry of Agriculture-Republic of Indonesia. p.149-167.

Samira H Darouba, Argyrios Gerakisa, Joe T Ritchiea, Dennis K Friesenb, John Ryanc 2003. Development of a soil-plant Phosphorus simulation model for calcareous and weathered Tropical soils. Agricultural Systems 76, 1157–1181.

Sanchez PA and Salinas JG. 1981. Low Input Technology for Managing Oxisols and Ultisols in Tropical America. Advance in Agriculture 34:280-399.

Singh RK. and Chaudary BD. 1979. Biometrical methods in quantitative genetic analysis. Kalyani Publishers. New Delhi. 304 p.

Stanley CD, Kaspar TC and Taylor HM. 1980. Soybean top and root response to temporary water tables impose at three different stages of growth. Agron. J. 72:341-346.

Subagyo H, Saharta N dan Siswanto AB. 2000. Tanah-tanah pertanian di Indonesia. Dalam Sumber Daya Lahan Indonesia dan Pengelolaannya. Pusat Penelitian Tanah dan Agroklimat, Badan Litbang Pertanian. Bogor. hlm. 21-65.

Suswanto T, Shamshuddin J, Syed Omar SR, Peli Mat & Teh CBS, 2007. Effects of lime and fertiliser application in combination with water management on rice (Oryza sativa) cultivated on an acid sulfate soil. Malaysian Journal of Soil Science Vol.11 : 1-16.

Suyamto dan Soegiyatni 2002. Evaluasi Toleransi Galur-Galur Kedelai Terhadap Kekeringan : hlm 218-224. Prosiding Teknologi Inovatif Tanaman Kacang-kacangan dan Umbi-umbian Mendukung Ketahanan Pangan. Puslitbangtan. Bogor.

Sopandie D. 2006. Perspektif Fisiologi dalam Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan di Lahan Marjinal. Orasi Ilmiah Guru Besar Tetap Fisiologi Tanaman. Fakultas Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor.

Refbacks

  • Saat ini tidak ada refbacks.